Irina Voda, Tatiana Sidorchuk
Reconstruction and Restoration of Fixed Housing Assets: Key Problems and Possible Prospects
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The article discusses the current state of the housing stock of the Donetsk People’s Republic and the need for reconstruction and restoration of worn-out buildings and structures. The generalizing information on the dilapidated and emergency condition of apartment buildings of the Donetsk People’s Republic is presented, the characteristics of the housing stock by years of construction are given. The main factors influencing the time for the building to reach the maximum permissible physical deterioration are considered, the issues of achieving the obsolescence of buildings are investigated. The article discusses the main measures for the restoration of fixed assets of the housing sector through the restoration and reconstruction of dilapidated and dilapidated houses. The proposed set of measures includes: monitoring, which consists of an inventory of the housing stock; development of a management plan for the technical condition of each residential building separately; ensuring cost reduction through a simplified procurement procedure for materials and other management mechanisms.
Keywords: reconstruction and restoration of housing, dilapidated housing, emergency housing, physical and moral deterioration, problems, development programs.
Oksana Veretennikova, Alisa Genova, Maria Palkina
The Possibilities of Assessing the Measurement of Quality of Life in the Theory of Management of Economic Systems
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. This paper examines the domestic and foreign theoretical and methodological approaches to estimating the quality of life. Various scientific and methodological approaches have been analyzed and systematized according to the sources of information. The need for the formation of an approach involving the need to take into account the systemic nature of the interaction of subjects involved in the formation, transformation and assessment of the relevant conditions is substantiated. According to this approach, the following conditions can be considered as the main variants of conditions: satisfaction of physiological needs; receipt of income; preservation and improvement of health; savings; implementation of social interaction; leisure activities; development of intellectual potential; safe life activity, which together reflect external and internal factors of the environment of interaction between the elements of the system of life quality change.
Keywords: quality of life, objective assessment, subjective assessment, quality of life indicators, subjects of life quality parameter formation.
Lyudmila Ganich
The Role of Human Capital in the Formation of Digital Literacy of the Population of the Russian Federation
Donetsk National University
Abstract. The ability to work with data and digital literacy are important today for every person, regardless of their specialty. The article analyzes the dynamics and state of human capital in the context of digital literacy in Russia, the importance of digital literacy is substantiated, theoretical approaches to the concept of digital literacy are considered. The statistics of digital literacy of the population are given, digital competencies are analyzed according to such parameters as: information literacy, digital content creation, digital security, problem solving skills in the digital environment, communicative literacy, a forecast is given by 2024 on the possession of digital literacy by the population, which will help the heads of public authorities: assess the readiness of residents of their region for digital transformation; track the achievement of targets for the level of digital literacy of the population of the region as a whole, as well as individual subgroups; build an effective learning path. The requirements and blocks of testing the level of digital literacy are presented, the elements, aspects and educational resource of digital literacy are considered, recommendations for the development of digital literacy of the population of the Donetsk People’s Republic are proposed.
Keywords: formation, human capital, literacy, population, digital economy.
Olga Zierova
Financial Control in the Context of Digitalization: Problems and Prospects
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The article examines the essence of financial control at the present stage of economic development, the features of digitalization of the activities of state control bodies, problems in the transition to the use of new digital platforms and prospects for their development. The analysis of approaches to the consideration of the concept of «financial control» allowed us to formulate a definition of financial control. The problems of the state control system are considered and it is indicated that one of the most significant is the problem of implementing digital technologies in the field of public administration. It is proved that the use of digital technologies will be in demand and will lead to a significant minimization of violations in the financial and budgetary sphere, as well as to increase the stability and efficiency of the public finance management system.
Keywords: financial control, state financial control, subjects of financial control, digitalization, and digital technologies.
Yana Kalustyan, Nataliia Malova, Ekaterina Mikhaliova
Use of Information Modeling Tools in the Design of Construction of Commercial Real Estate
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engeneering and Architecture
Abstract. The need to ensure effective interaction between the customer, contractors, investors and other interested participants in the construction project management process is justified in the article. It has been proved that in modern conditions one of the ways to improve the efficiency of the project management process in the construction of commercial real estate is BIM-technologies (Building Information Modeling or Building Information Model – information modeling of a building, or information model of a building). The typical tasks of using BIM at each stage of the life cycle of a construction object are formulated. Key differences in the implementation of the project in the traditional way and using BIM are highlighted in the article. The main benefits from the introduction of BIM-technology have been identified. To assess the economic efficiency of using BIM, it is proposed to conduct an analysis in the following main areas: reduction of terms; the amount of fixed costs; reduced material consumption.
Keywords: project, construction, design, BIM-technologies, information modeling.
Anna Novogradskay-Morskay
Factors of Innovation and Investment Development of Administrative and Territorial Units of the State
Donetsk Academy of Management and Public Service Under the Head of the Donetsk People’s Republic
Abstract. The article examines the problems of the formation of a modern concept of the knowledge economy; it has been confirmed the recognition of the need to modernize the economy in accordance with the dominant technological structures, which determines the importance of scientific substantiation of factors and the development of effective measures to ensure competitiveness in each of them. It is recognized that there is a lack of symmetry of technological development in the structure of the territorial economy, which is manifested in the diversity of the economy of some territories and the concentration of high-tech industries in others. Each technological way generates incentives for development through innovation and determines the competitiveness of different levels of the management hierarchy. It was found out that competitiveness is achieved by economic agents primarily through: integration, use of the latest information resources and networks, financing of fundamental and applied research of a breakthrough nature to solve acute development problems. However, the specific patterns of techno globalism have not yet been sufficiently investigated; contradictions are observed, first of all, in assessing the impact of the periodization of technological patterns on global economic cycles or crisis phenomena.
Keywords: innovation and investment development, state policy, innovation and investment factors, administrative-territorial policy, innovation and investment principles, administrative-territorial units, financial support, staffing, legislative and regulatory support, information support.
Nina Tarkhanova, Tatyana Norkina
The Mechanism for Managing the Quality of Life of the Population and its Improvement
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engeneering and Architecture
Abstract. The article analyzes the theoretical and methodological principles of the category «quality of life». The model of the system of municipal management of the quality of life is proposed. The problems of improving the quality of life of the population on the basis of overcoming negative trends in the socio-economic development of the state and segments of the population, creating a system of motivation for effective work at work, as well as a change management system continue to cause scientific discussions and determine the relevance of the study. The issues of living standards of the population remain poorly studied, since either individual aspects (income and expenditures of the population, the material situation of socially vulnerable groups, poverty, etc.) or global problems of measuring human development are considered. The main task of the state’s social policy aimed at improving the quality of life is to substantiate mechanisms for improving the standard of living of the population in the context of globalization and guaranteeing broad opportunities and freedoms of people.
Keywords: standard of living, quality of life, social policy, population potential, quality of life management mechanism, efficiency of life quality management.
Elena Shelikhova, Tatiana Kostryukova
Relevance of State Support of the Residential Real Estate Market
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engeneering and Architecture
Abstract. The article deals with the concepts of «residential real estate», «state regulation of the real estate market», «methods and instruments of regulation», «real estate», «housing construction». The classification of residential real estate by social class and privileges, its components, signs of belonging to classes and their characteristics are considered. The analysis of the factors that determine the value of demand in the real estate market is carried out, and the dynamics of the cost of residential real estate is considered on the example of a two-room apartment in Donetsk according to the data of 2020. The functions performed by the state in the residential real estate market have been investigated. The system of state regulation of the real estate market, economic methods of managing the real estate market, their characteristics and components are considered. The examples of state methods of market regulation are given and considered. The drawbacks of the mechanisms of implementation of the state policy of providing the population with housing and the functioning of the residential real estate market are analyzed.
Keywords: residential real estate market, state regulation of the real estate market, methods and instruments of regulation, the property, housing construction.
Nina Yarkova, Inna Smelters
Defining the Essence of Costs and their Management Processes
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engeneering and Architecture
Abstract. The current state of the domestic economic system is not quite in a favorable state, which entails a desire to increase the competitiveness of enterprises in the domestic and foreign markets. To this end, the management staff pays special attention to the cost management processes in order to optimize them. To create an effective cost management system, modern foreign and domestic economic concepts are analyzed, among which the following are highlighted: the concept of cost-forming factors, the concept of value added, the concept of value chain, the concept of opportunity costs, the concept of transaction costs, the ABC concept, the concept of strategic positioning, and their brief theoretical characteristics are given. It has been determined, that the formation and improvement of the mechanism of cost management is of individual nature and depends on the industry, production and other characteristics of the enterprise.
Keywords: costs, expenses, cost management, economic concepts.